26In the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God to a city of Galilee named Nazareth, 27to a virgin betrothed£ to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David. And the virgin’s name was Mary. 28And he came to her and said, “Greetings, O favored one, the Lord is with you!”£ 29But she was greatly troubled at the saying, and tried to discern what sort of greeting this might be. 30And the angel said to her, “Do not be afraid, Mary, for you have found favor with God. 31And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus. 32He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. And the Lord God will give to him the throne of his father David, 33and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.”
34And Mary said to the angel, “How will this be, since I am a virgin?”£
35And the angel answered her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born£ will be called holy—the Son of God.
- Luke 1:26-35
This is an amazing passage. God sends an angel to a young woman (who had no idea what was going on) to tell her that she will bear the “Son of the Most High” and “of his kingdom there will be no end.” I imagine that Mary was in complete shock and awe. The promise was amazing – she would be the mother of the King of Kings, a king in the line of David except unlike David (and the other kings in that line) the kingship of Jesus would endure forever. Surely Mary was amazed and taken aback, but she managed to ask the question that we would all want the answer to:
“How will this be?” You see, Mary was betrothed to marry Joseph of Nazareth, but they had certainly not been involved in any baby-making activities (that would call for a stoning in those days). It’s significant the way that Mary asks this question. Earlier in Luke 1 when Zechariah is told that he and his wife Elizabeth will have a son in their old age he asks “how shall I know this?” He asks the question out of disbelief (how can you prove that this will happen). Mary’s response is different: “how will this be?” In other words, she believes it will happen she just doesn’t yet understand how.
And it’s the how that I specifically want to address here because this is one of the truly amazing things about the way in which Jesus Christ took on flesh and in turn these truths shed light on our identity in Christ.
1. Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit
The angel Gabriel proceeds to tell Mary how this will be: “the Holy Spirit will come upon you.” Jesus was like unlike all babies ever born due to this huge truth regarding his beginning as a man: he was not conceived by man. He was conceived by the Holy Spirit. Jesus was born with the Holy Spirit in Him, which is an amazing thought.
And notice what the angel says to Mary. Because this baby will be born of the Spirit “therefore the child to be born will be called holy – the Son of God.” This conception of the Holy Spirit brings holiness which leads to the simple conclusion that this is the Son of God. The Holy Spirit leads to holiness which leads to identity as the Son of God.
This is especially amazing when we realize that when we are “born again” this rebirth is conceived by the Holy Spirit. This is what Jesus explains to Nicodemus in John 3 – salvation is a re-conception by the Holy Spirit:
3Jesus answered him, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born again£ he cannot see the kingdom of God.” 4Nicodemus said to him, “How can a man be born when he is old? Can he enter a second time into his mother’s womb and be born?” 5Jesus answered, “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God. 6That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.
- John 3:3-6
We only come into our new identity as sons of God by being born again and this only happens by the work of the Holy Spirit. And so we see that the way in which Jesus was conceived is a picture of the way that we experience spiritual birth.
But that’s not all.
2. Jesus was adopted
How can I say this? Well, it’s true that Mary gave birth to Jesus. But Jesus had no blood relationship to Joseph, who became Mary’s husband. Joseph acted on obedience to God, proceeding in marrying Mary (knowing that she carried a child who was not biologically his). But Jesus’ identity as the son of Joseph of Nazareth is crucial. Do you see why?
Verse 32 says, “the Lord God will give to him the throne of his father David.” In other words, Jesus’ genealogy can be traced back to David. There are two records of his genealogy in the gospels. Matthew 1 traces Jesus through David back to Abraham and Luke 3 traces Jesus through David all the way back to Adam. However, in both of these genealogical records Jesus is named as the son of Joseph. It was only by Joseph taking on the responsibility of fatherhood to a child that he did not personally sire (which I am referring to as adoption) that prophecy was fulfilled. Can you imagine? The validity of the Old Testament scriptures was hanging on the matter of whether or not Joseph would adopt this baby as his own. Without Joseph’s adoption of Jesus, there would be no lineage to David.
Of course, God had a plan since the beginning of time for how this would unfold and adoption was part of that plan, even for Jesus. In this God fulfilled the promise that He had made long ago to David:
16And your house and your kingdom shall be made sure forever before me.£ Your throne shall be established forever.’”
- 2 Samuel 7:16
God knew even then that his plan to fulfill this promise was through adoption.
What is the impact of this upon us? When we are in Christ, we are called Sons of God and this identity does not happen biologically for us – it happens through adoption. God’s adoption of us into His family. So I believe it’s very significant that God chose to use adoption in the life of Jesus as a picture for us.
15For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!” 16The Spirit himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God.
- Romans 8:15-16
Here we see how these two concepts of conception by the Holy Spirit and adoption fit together: we have received the Spirit of adoption. The Holy Spirit who has spiritually conceived us confirms that we have been adopted as sons of God. The Spirit bears witness and testifies to us that we are children of God! Unbelievable!
But let’s not forget the way that was made for us to become children of God: the baby that was born to Mary and Joseph grew up, lived a sinless life, speaking the truth in love everywhere he went. Then he was crucified on the cross, paying the debt (death) for our sin. He rose three days later from the grave as testament that He defeated death once and for all. He ascended to heaven where He sits at the right hand of the throne of God. And what is Jesus Christ doing right now?
25Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost£ those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.
- Hebrews 7:25
Jesus Christ, king forever, is interceding, praying for us right now – he made the way for us to be called sons of God and he is constantly praying for us to make it home. He has placed His Holy Spirit inside us to guarantee that this happens. The cute baby in the manger is so much more than that – he is our Savior who has made the way to bring many sons to glory.
Amen.
* Quick Note: I use the term “Sons of God” throughout this post and not “Daughters of God.” This is not because I’m sexist but because the Bible uses the language “Sons of God” intentionally throughout. This is because in those times it was the sons who were heirs in the family (daughters had no such rights). The Bible uses the term “Sons of God” for both men and women to show that regardless of sex we share equally in our identity as children of God.